Infraspinatus Muscle – Anatomy Breakdown Video & Clinical Guide
The Infraspinatus is one of the four rotator cuff muscles, playing a critical role in external rotation and dynamic stability of the shoulder. In this video, we’ll break down its origin, insertion, function, innervation, and clinical relevance. Perfect for students, clinicians, trainers, and anyone wanting a clear, practical understanding of shoulder anatomy.
Watch the video below and read on for deeper insights.
Quick Hits
The Infraspinatus sits in the infraspinous fossa of the scapula, forming a large portion of the posterior rotator cuff.
Origin: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula.
Insertion: Middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus.
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6).
Actions: Primary external rotation of the glenohumeral joint, assists in humeral head depression and stabilization within the glenoid during arm movements.
Along with the teres minor, it provides critical control during overhead and rotational activities.
Clinical Relevance
Clinically, the infraspinatus is a common site of tendinopathy or partial-thickness tears, especially in throwing athletes, overhead workers, and older adults.
It is a key player in preventing anterior translation of the humeral head, working with other rotator cuff muscles to center the joint during movement. Weakness or poor motor control can lead to compensatory patterns, overuse of the deltoid, and secondary impingement.
Rehab strategies often include targeted strengthening with side-lying external rotation, resisted band ER, and integrated scapular stabilization. Assessment should check for pain, weakness, and altered movement patterns during functional tasks.
What’s Next
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